Advance Directive

An advance directive is a legal document expressing your wishes regarding medical treatment if you become unable to communicate. Common types include a living will (specifying treatment preferences) and a durable power of attorney for healthcare (designating a decision-maker).

Having an advance directive is particularly important for Black Americans. Research shows Black patients are less likely to have advance directives and less likely to have their end-of-life wishes honored. Historical medical trauma and distrust contribute to lower rates of advance directive completion.

You do not need a lawyer to complete an advance directive in most states. Free forms are available through state health departments and organizations like Five Wishes and The Conversation Project.