Pap Smear

A Pap smear (Pap test or cervical cytology) is a screening procedure for cervical cancer in which cells are collected from the cervix and examined for abnormalities. It is often combined with an HPV test, since persistent HPV infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer.

Black women have higher rates of cervical cancer incidence and mortality than white women, largely due to disparate access to screening and follow-up care. Screening should begin at age 21 and continue every 3 years, or every 5 years with co-testing.

HPV vaccination dramatically reduces cervical cancer risk. The CDC recommends vaccination at ages 11–12, with catch-up vaccination available through age 26.