PCOS
Also known as: Polycystic ovary syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders affecting women and people assigned female at birth, affecting an estimated 8–13% of reproductive-age women worldwide. It is characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, elevated androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound.
PCOS is associated with insulin resistance, which increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, a particularly important connection for Black women, who already face elevated diabetes risk.
Common misconception: You must have polycystic ovaries on ultrasound to have PCOS. In fact, diagnosis requires meeting at least two of three criteria: irregular ovulation, elevated androgens, or polycystic appearance on ultrasound.
Medical Disclaimer
This glossary entry is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about a medical condition.