Medication Reference
Medications A-Z
A library of drug guides focused on a single question: how is this medication different for Black patients? Every page leads with the published evidence, cites FDA labels and professional-society guidelines, and flags uncertainty where the research is mixed or absent.
Drug class
Used for
Dulaglutide
GLP-1 receptor agonistBrand: Trulicity
The REWIND trial (Gerstein et al., Lancet 2019;394:121–30, PMID 31189511) enrolled 9,901 T2D patients and showed a 12 percent relative reduction in …
View guideEmpagliflozin
SGLT2 inhibitorBrand: Jardiance, Synjardy, Glyxambi
Empagliflozin's outcome evidence in Black patients is robust across multiple landmark trials:EMPA-REG OUTCOME (Zinman et al., NEJM 2015;373:2117–28, PMID 26378978) — 38 …
View guideGlipizide
SulfonylureaBrand: Glucotrol
Sulfonylureas work similarly across racial groups. But the ADOPT trial (Kahn et al., NEJM 2006;355:2427–43, PMID 17145742) showed glyburide (a related sulfonylurea) …
View guideInsulin
Insulin (basal and prandial)Brand: Humalog, NovoLog, Lantus, Basaglar, Tresiba, Toujeo, Levemir, Humulin, Novolin
Insulin itself works equally well across racial groups. But Black patients face documented disparities in insulin access, starting, and adherence that drive …
View guideMetformin
BiguanideBrand: Glucophage, Glumetza, Fortamet, Riomet
Metformin works effectively across racial groups. The UKPDS, Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), and subsequent trials found consistent A1C reductions and consistent cardiovascular …
View guideSemaglutide
GLP-1 receptor agonistBrand: Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus
Semaglutide's cardiovascular and glycemic benefits are consistent across racial groups in the trials that enrolled Black participants:SUSTAIN-6 (Marso et al., NEJM 2016;375:1834–44, …
View guideTirzepatide
GLP-1 / GIP dual receptor agonistBrand: Mounjaro, Zepbound
SURPASS-2 (Frías et al., NEJM 2021;385:503–15, PMID 34170647) and SURMOUNT-1 (Jastreboff et al., NEJM 2022;387:205–16, PMID 35658024) established tirzepatide's glycemic and weight-loss …
View guideNo medications match your search.